Cipher-code.



Patnted sept. ||,"|9oo.

E. F. CASSEL.

CIPHEB CODE,

(Application led June 23, 1 900.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES l PATENT OFFICE.

ELMER F. oAssEL, or SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

elPHER-CODE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 657,58*?, dated September 11, 1900.

' i Application inea June 23,1900. serial No. 21,319. (No man.)

To d/ZZ whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, ELMER F. OAssEL, of Seattle, in the county of King and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cipher-Codes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in cipher-codes for use in transmission of cable, telegraphic, and other forms of written messages.

A careful study'of the English language develops the fact that there are many Words and phrases or expressions which are capable of universal and interchangeable employment and combination with` a large number of words and expressions of every-day use.

One object of my invention is to group these primary and auxiliary expressionsin such manner that they can be systematically and universally combined one with the other into grammatical sentences and to indicate the same by a cipher-word which will serve as an index of both the primary and auxiliary expressions intended to be so combined.

A further object is to produce a simple and concise cipher code which is particularly applicable for the transmission of tabulated matter.

A further object is to provide Va cipher-code which can be readily andeasily comprehen ded and accurately used and in which liability to error in transmission is reduced toa minimum or entirely overcome.

The invention will be hereinafter fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figs. 3 and 4 are umn C. Said line-words are the same for each page. The auxiliary words orvexpressions D are also arranged in columns E, linewords F being placed opposite each and arranged in columns G and H, the line-words being different in each column.

In practice when it is desired to transmit a cipher message the same is indicated by a cipher-word which is made by uniting the line-words indicating the primary and auxiliary expressions, the cipher-word thus formed serving as an index to the two expressions.

To illustrate, it will be assumed that the following message is to be transmitted, to wit: Unless you can answer immediately I cannot entertain any proposition. Said message would be contained in the two cipherwords Suackfag Stabfay,7 the first portion or syllable of each of said words indicating the auxiliary words or expressions and the latter portion the primary words or expressions. Itis obvious, however, that this arrangement can be reversed without departing from the spirit of my invention. When it is desired to use the primary expressions alone, the same may be indicated by. cipherwords, which are formed by combining the page-word I with the line-word indicating the desired definition.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown a modified form of my improved cipher-code, the same being particularly adapted for the transmission of numbers for any purpose whatever. The numbers are preferably arranged in columns J K, the primary numbers ranging from ,000 to 999 and the auxiliary numbers from l to 999, as shown, each number being indicated by a line-word L, which linewords are arranged in columns, as heretofore described. When it is'desired to transmit a number, the same is written down by the operator and divided from the right into groups of three figures, theordinary method of numeral notation. The cipher-word is then formed `by .consecutively `uniting the. linewords indicating the respective groups. For example, the number 110,996 would be indicated by the word Soletail, the syllable sole representing and the syllable tail representing 996. From this it will be seen that any conceivable number of six lOO figures can beaccurately transmitted by the use of a single cipher-word, a result im-possible to accomplish under present methods without the use of nine hundred and ninety-.nine-4 thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine cipher-words, the impracticability-of which is apparent.

The advantages of my inventionare apparent.

It will be particularly noted that by the C arrangement of words and phrases into pri- Y mary and auxiliary groups an exceedinglylarge number of sentences-of common use can double page contains sixty primary words or expressions and'two columns of sixty aguXi-'liary words or expressions capa-ble of use in y connection with any one ofsaid primary words or expressions, said double page would conf tainseven thousand two hundred code expressions, which under the for-ms now in general use would require one hundred and twenty pages of vsixty lines each. By following this out it will be readily seen that a cipher-code of one hundred and twenty thousand .delinitions can be compiled fromone thousand verbs or primary expressions of every-day use when arranged to be combined with one huni dred and twenty auxiliary phrases.

These can all be arranged on twentypages, whereas thev forms now in general use would require f a code-book of two thousand pages Vwith sixty lines to a page. tion are furtherenhanced by the fact that The advantages of myinvenn this arrangement reduces 'the' number of cipher-words to be employed to a mere, fraction of those requiredby methods now in use, making it possible to select such words as will be practically without liability of error in transmissiomone of the greatest cau-ses of error in telegraphietransmission of cipherwords now in use being that .they vare formed of a meaningless aggregation of letters, the error arising principally from the fact that the 2 receiving operator has nothing 'to guide him in determining whether or nothe has received it correctly. In my system this di'iculty is Y entirely overcome bythe use of simpleflinen words which are capable of literal translation, but which when combined form cipher-words absolutely without literal meaning. .Another very important advantage lies `in the fact that y the primaryexpressions employed bymy system are capable of use alone or inco'mbina- 1 tion with the auxiliary phrases, as desired. I claim as my invention-- 1. Acipher-code comprisingaseries of deiinitions each indicated by a line word or syllable, said line words or syllables having no cipher mearti-ng unless combined 'with another line word or syllable.

2. Acipher-code comprising a series of deiinitions arranged in pages or groups, and page and line words or syllables indicating the same, said'page and line words .having no cipher meaning unless combined with another page or line word. v

3. A cipher code comprising a series of groups of definitions which may be used alone or in combination,one with the other, as set forth. y y A 4. A cipher code comprisingr a series of groups containing a series of definitions each indicated by a line word or syllable representing part of a cipher-word,said definitions being capable of use .alone or in combination, one with the other, as set forth.

V5. A cipher-code comprising a series of definitions of universal use and application segregated into groups of primaryand auxiliary words or phrasessusceptible of universal combination, one with .the other, and each indicated by a 'line word or syllable, said. line words or syllables when united forming a complete cipher-word indicating the definitions contained in the desired'mes'sage, as set forth.

6. A cipher code comprising a series of groups or columns of definitions each of which is indicated by .a line word or syllable, the definitions of anyone group kor column being capable of use with any one ofthe remaining groups'orcolumns, arbitrary cipherwords being formed by uniting said line-words,`asset forth."

n f 7. A cipher-code comprising several series of definitions arranged in vertical columns, and individual line-words for each of said definitions also arranged in columns, the combination of any two of said line-words forming a complete cipher-word indicating the de- 'nitions'contained in the .desired message, as ,set f orth.v

- '8. y'iAcijphercode consisting ofl a series of primary words or phrases arranged in lcolumns and each indicated by a line-word, and a seriesl vof auxiliary kwords or phrases also arranged in columns and -each indicated by a line-word, and two of said primary and auxiliary words-or phrases being capable of grammatical combination, said line-words when united forming a cipher-word indicating the lprimary and auxiliary expressions intended tobe s o combined, asset forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscrib- Iing witnesses. v f

` `ELMER 'Fr oAssEL.

Witnesses:

WM. S. HoDGEs, :CHARLES F. ROBERTS.

IOO 

